For instance, a 1-hour attack costs $7.50, while a 100-hour attack demands a payment of $615. Attackers can determine the attack duration, and the pricing increases as the duration extends. Accessible through free membership, the panel offers SMS attack services for a specified fee. In the redirected link, we encountered a panel that provides a range of services beyond SMS attacks. A forum post including a URL capable of SMS and email bombing SMS Flood Service In another underground forum we track, there is a post with significant engagement that includes a URL capable of being used for SMS bomber and other malicious purposes. Flood sms phone 1 hour: 18$ (4-5 sms per minute)Įxcept for pricing, the targeted country is US / Canada.Flood phone call 1 hour: 8-14$ (120 – 200 calls per hour from different numbers).The pricing details for the services offered are as follows: Apart from SMS, this post also provides services related to email and phone calls. In one of the underground forums we monitor, we have deduced from the comments that this particular post is frequently favored. The Underground SMS Bomber Market and Pricing Throughout our research, our aim was to maintain a wide scope in our field of study. Underground forums, messaging platforms like Telegram, ICQ, and Discord, as well as open-source code sharing platforms such as GitHub and Replit, can yield considerable results. Simple scripts can be employed for such attacks. For instance, they may encompass trolling, cyberbullying, or diverting the target’s attention. SMS Bomber attacks can serve different purposes. Such attacks can render the victim’s phone non-functional and prevent normal communication. These messages can make the victim’s phone constantly vibrate, play alert tones or flood it with notifications. SMS Bomber attacks typically target a victim’s phone number and send a large volume of text messages over a period of time. Almost all of these numbers are from businesses, sales companies or illegal betting sites that receive SMS permission from their customers. Recently, almost all of us have received SMS or calls from unknown numbers on our phones. Among the ever-evolving threats in the world of cybersecurity, SMS Bomber attacks are emerging as a modern danger that can have significant and disturbing consequences.
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There were age-related diagnostic criteria changes for two other mental disorder categories particularly relevant to the definition of serious emotional disturbance (SED): attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Two new childhood mental disorders were added in the DSM-5: social communication disorder (or SCD) and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (or DMDD). (DSM-5) includes changes to some key disorders of childhood. For example, it is nearly impossible for a young child to describe psychological avoidance of thoughts or feelings about a trauma, and they may not have the ability to recall the symptoms they are experiencing or convey the burden of memories.ĬCPR's Verdict: The changes to PTSD in DSM-5 reflect a greater understanding of the impact of trauma on children, and set the stage for increased recognition and improved treatment.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. In addition, PTSD symptoms that are experienced internally can be difficult to assess since children may not have the language or capacity to describe what they are experiencing. Kids this age may not appear distressed by memories or discussion of the event, and may instead appear excited or excessively positive. PTSD looks quite different in young kids, compared to older children and adults, and likely has been missed and underdiagnosed as a result of a misfit between the DSM criteria and the manifestation of the illness in preschool-aged kids (Scheeringa MS et al, Depression and Anxiety 2011 28:770–783). There is a distinct set of diagnostic criteria for PTSD in children under six years in DSM-5. Further, there is no longer a distinction between acute and chronic phases of PTSD.įinally, a new signifier, PTSD with prominent dissociative symptoms, was added because people with dissociative features (about one third of people with PTSD) seem to require more stabilization and support before they can benefit from exposure-based CBT treatment (Friedman MJ et al, Depression and Anxiety 2011:28:737–749). For assessment of re-experiencing in children, there is an emphasis on behavior and observable symptoms, such as repetitive play with themes of the trauma and frightening dreams without recognizable trauma. Hyperarousal and re-experiencing symptom clusters remain distinct groups in the DSM-5. The avoidance symptom cluster has been separated into two clusters: avoidance and negative cognition/mood symptoms. Symptom clusters have been rearranged and expanded from three to four, based on data showing that this four-factor model more accurately describes what we see clinically than does the three-factor model in DSM-IV (Friedman MJ et al, Depression and Anxiety 2011 28:750–769). It also explicitly includes sexual assault as a traumatic event, important for those working with children because of kids’ vulnerability to this type of mistreatment. In addition, Criterion A1, “exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence” (ie, directly experiencing the traumatic event), has been narrowed and refined, and in DSM-5 no longer includes the death of family or a close friend due to natural causes. Instead, DSM-5 focuses more on the behavioral and affective symptoms and subjective reactions, while important to address in treatment, are not part of the diagnostic criteria. This criterion has been problematic for many of us who treat PTSD, especially for young children who may not be able to recall or describe their subjective reaction to a traumatic event. Perhaps more clinically pertinent is the removal of criterion A2, which in DSM-IV specified a subjective reaction of intense fear, helplessness, or horror (in children, this could have been disorganization or agitation). The biggest structural change is the removal of PTSD from the anxiety disorder section and its inclusion in a new section on trauma and stressor-related disorders. Here, we will review the changes to the diagnosis of PTSD in DSM-5, with a focus on those specific to children and adolescents. It wasn’t until the publication of DSM-III-R in 1987 that we recognized in a formal way that some children go on to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, throughout history, most people didn’t believe that children experienced lasting psychic trauma as a result of these events. Unfortunately, children are exposed to traumatic events-isolated ones such as natural disasters or serious accidents, and recurring traumas such as domestic violence and sexual abuse. For example, we can create a Personal Budget Template with the parameters of our main expenses, as shown below. So that every month, we can keep track of the same without missing out on any parameters. With this plan, we were able to eliminate all of our credit card debt in only five years. The Personal Budget Template in Excel helps users to create a template w.r.t the various expenses we may incur for a month, quarter, or a year. My goal was to create a debt plan that wouldn't take decades to eliminate our debt, but also wouldn't keep us eating macaroni and cheese for dinner until we retire. Or, if you prefer Google Sheets, then click into a blank Sheet, click File, Open, then Upload, and upload your recent budget template download. You may also personalize your budget to meet your particular needs. It should have a purpose of determined aim or goal that is attained within a certain time period. Just click it and open it up in Excel (or Numbers for Mac users). Personal budget spreadsheet allows you to make budget by performing calculations using formulas. The download will appear in the lower left of your screen. That's when I sat down with a blank Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and just started playing around, using various techniques to cut down our budget to bare bones. Click this link for the free downloadable monthly budget template. There came a moment when we realized that we either had to make a personal budget that could outsmart the system or it would keep us enslaved for our entire adult lives. Using our annual budget spreadsheet can help you to manage you income and expenses and budget more effectively. Years ago, my wife and I were saddled with so much debt that we thought it would take the next sixty years to pay it all off. Getting to grips with your monthly and yearly personal and household budget can be challenging, but it doesnt have to be. Once you’ve selected a template, click Create. You have a variety of budget templates to choose from this list. That’s because they tell the user what the user can or cannot do. Select your favorite budget template based on your needs and liking. All spreadsheets are compatible with Microsoft Excel only. I want to show you the four ways Microsoft Excel helped create a stable personal budget. Some of these new budgeting apps are pretty limiting. It’s Your Money is an excellent choice if you’re looking for a free, yet in-depth option. It's a trick that I've seen a lot of people trying to sell elsewhere on the net - I'm going to share it with MakeUseOf readers right here, for free. Also, I'm going to share a technique to pay down your debt in a fraction of the time using the same exact payments you're making today. To achieve that, we have merged all 4 Tournament Encounters per Tournament Province into one, bigger Encounter. Right from the start, you will have a total of 47 Premium expansions at your disposal to place in your city. One of the most noticeable changes when first starting to play the new Tournaments is that you can Cater or Battle directly from the World Map, without having to enter a Tournament Province. For now, you will be able to get a total of 67 Province Expansions. To get the third Expansion, you will need three more Provinces, which means you have completed 6 Provinces in total, at this time. However, to get the next Expansion, you will need to complete 2 more Provinces. When you complete your first Province, you will be rewarded with 1 Expansion. Premium Expansions - These can only be paid for with Diamonds and they are strictly limited! You can have only a certain number of Premium Expansions to enlarge the available construction area in your city.Įach game Chapter will allow you to Research a certain number of Expansions, after unlocking them, you will need Coins to place them or alternatively you can pay for them with Diamonds (Premium).A tooltip in the Buildings Menu, on "Province Expansion", will show you how many “Completed Provinces” you have and how many are “Required for the next expansion.” No Coins or Diamonds are needed to place Province Expansions. Till next time Tags: Fighting, Gems, Strategy, Tournament. If you leave your Fellowship during an adventure, you will not get. In the meantime, you can check out the rest of our Elvenar Strategy content. Reaching them will benefit the whole Fellowship and in the end the Fellowships that perform the best, will even get additional rewards based on their position. Together with your Fellowship you work towards common goals. Province Expansions - You will receive these Expansions as a reward, when you complete all Encounters of a certain amount of Provinces, on the World Map. Fellowship Adventures is a Multiplayer Event in Elvenar.Once they are unlocked, you will need Coins to place them or alternatively you can pay for them with Diamonds (Premium). For this Expansion category you will need: Coins, Supplies and Goods. City Expansions - You can unlock these Expansions by researching the respective technologies in the Research Tree.You can find your Expansions in the Buildings Menu.ĭepending on the category of the Expansion, you will need different resources to get it: You have three ways of getting Expansions: you can unlock them in the Research Tree (City Expansions), gain them by completing all Encounters in a Province (Province Expansions), or buy them as Premium Expansions. |
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